Prunus serrulata, commonly known as the Japanese cherry tree, is native to Japan, China, Korea, and Vietnam. The genus name Prunus is derived from the Latin word for plum or cherry tree, while the species name serrulata comes from the Latin serrula, meaning “small saw,” which describes the tree’s serrated leaves. The flowers of this tree, are celebrated as Japan’s national flower and are symbols of spring, life, health, and happiness.

This small tree typically reaches a height of about 8 meters when grown under optimal conditions. It features smooth, brown bark and green, serrated leaves that transform to yellow or red in autumn before they drop. The tree produces clusters of flowers in shades ranging from white to deep pink. Flower forms vary: single flowers have 5 petals (sometimes with 1 to 3 additional petals), semi-double flowers have 10 to 20 petals, and double flowers range from 20 to 50 petals.

Popular varieties cultivated in South Africa include Fugenzo, Taihaku, Shirofugen, and Mt. Fuji. The tree’s growth habit varies depending on the variety, with forms ranging from wide-spreading and vase-shaped to gracefully weeping. Prunus serrulata is well-suited for planting in parks, gardens, or along streets. The fertility of the soil influences the number of petals on the flowers; poorer soils often result in fewer petals.